This large tree has a narrow or rounded compact crown and red flowers, fruit, leafstalks and autumn foliage. The leaves are broadly ovate with three shallow pointed lobes. It has irregular, wavy saw-toothed edges with five main veins and a long red and green leafstalk. The leaves ares dull green on top and whitish and hairy beneath. The flowers are reddish and crowded in nearly stalkless clusters along the twigs. The pioneers made ink with and cinnamon brown and black dyes from extract from the bark.
This familiar fruit tree has a short trunk, spreading rounded crown, showy pink-tinged blossoms and delicious red fruit. Although the apple tree is well known, it is sometimes not recognized when growing in the wild.
The Balsam Fir has a narrow, pointed, spike-like crown, spreading branches and aromatic foliage. The needles spread at almost right angles in two rows on hairy twigs. The upper twigs curve upward and the lower twigs are flat with rounded tips. The needles are shiny dark green with two narrow white bands on the underneath. The cones are cylindrical with a dark purple colour, and have fine hairs on the scales, bracts which are mostly hidden and paired long winged seeds. This tree is a major pulpwood species, and is also used for Christmas trees and wreaths.
Sugar Maple – Acer Saccharum
This is a large tree with a dense, rounded crown. The leaves have five deep, long, pointed lobes, with a few long, narrow, pointed teeth. They are a dull, dark green on top and pale and hairy on the underside. The bark is light gray and becomes rough with narrow ridges. The sap of the sugar maple was introduced by natives to new settlers, and can be boiled down to delicious syrup and sugar. The Sugar Maple is also among one of the biggest furniture woods and is used for flooring, boxes, crates and veneer.
Trees have rows of horizontal branches forming a conical crown smaller and scrubby at the tree line. Needles are evergreen, stiff, four-angled, sharp and pointed with a skunk-like odour. The cones are cylindrical, shiny brown and hang at the end of twigs. This tree is the foremost pulpwood and is generally the most important commercial tree species in Canada. The wood is used for things like violins, piano sounding boards, and other musical instruments.
This tree has open irregular conical crown of short, horizontal or slightly drooping branches. The needles are evergreen, stiff four angles sharp pointed, ash blue green in colour. The cones are egg-shaped or rounded with a dull grey tint. The size of the Black Spruce limits the lumber production.
This tree has a broad or narrow conical call. The needles are stiff evergreen four angled sharp pointed. The needles are shiny green with whitish lines. The cones are cylindrical red-brown with stiff scales. Spruce gum is often made from this tree.
Grey Birch – Betula populifolia
The Grey Birch is a small and bushy tree with an open conical crown. It is often a clump of several trunks leaning from an old stump. The leaves have saw-toothed edges and are triangular, tapering from near the base into a long, pointed tip. They are dark green above and paler with tufts of hair on the underside. In the fall they turn pale yellow. The bark, is a chalky or greyish white, and is thin, not paper-like.
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